Welling Mathematics Megalithic structures

 

·         In Europe is a large group of archeological sites known as megalithic structures. My research began with a simple question “if the romans were correct, and the European before them had none of the following. They had no; complicated spoken language, written language, mathematics, written mathematics, science, engineering, architecture, technology, etc. Then how in the world did normal standard humans possibly create Stonehenge?”

·         Stonehenge the most impressive part is it is a perfect rock ring 20 feet in the air. Modern construction techniques cannot duplicate the design. The design had to include some form of understanding continental drift. I reference after some 5000 years the sun still lines up in the correct places as it did when the site was first constructed. Lining stones up, no matter what weight, to be in exact alignment with fixed orbital points is relatively easy.

·         But when you have to account for absolutely no maintenance of the site at all for thousands of years and the alignments still match up; that is impressive engineering.

·         Megalithic structures started to be constructed as soon as the ice from the mini glacier age started to retreat enough to not remove the permanent structure.

·         8000 b.c.e

·         Now it is entirely possible to do one or two of them purely by change and trial and error. But where the statistics fail is as to uneducated humans did it over a period or centuries with little to no technology other than antlers and simply stonemason tools.

·         There are more than 100,000 megalithic structures scattered from Korea through India. Down into the entire Middle East (lands of Canaan) <a megalithic structure format at least one major portion of the Hajj; a disgusting, reviling, and contemptuous portion of the Hajj. The act of murder in the first degree while shouting obscenities, in my opinion is nothing short of the above list. >, most land areas around the Mediterranean, most of European (every major city of sufficient age had a megalith at its center)<they were replaced or knocked down by conquest religions, namely Roman and Monotheism.>, 10,000s on the UK, several in Scandinavia, and rumored to be ruins in North East America.

·         A major land area to have the same basic design, engineering aspects, start and end at approximately the same time (depending on conquest of course), and on a global scale.

·         Locating and examination of megalithic structures

o   As a large number of descendant cultures have had serious problems with the entire concept surrounding the idea of what the ancients knew. A large number of megalithic structures have been destroyed, erased, torn down, large complexes put over the areas in which the megalith stood.

o   Erasing the past is a major past time for conquest cultures.

o    

·         Types of megalithic structures

o   Monoliths; Mono one. Lith stone.

§   Menhir: a large, single upright standing stone.

§  Alignements[28] (or Stone row avenues [e.g., Linear arrangement of upright, parallel standing stones])

§  Cycoliths (or stone circles)

§  Stantare

§  Trilithon: Two parallel upright stones with a horizontal stone (called a lintel) placed on top, e.g. Stonehenge.

§  Orthostat: an upright slab forming part of a larger structure.

§  Stone ship

§  Statues such as most moai

§  Gateways

o    

o   Polylithic type; Poly Many lithic stones.

§  Dolmen: a free standing chamber, consisting of standing stones covered by a capstone as a lid. Dolmens were used for burial and were covered by mounds.

§  Taula: a straight standing stone, topped with another forming a 'T' shape.

§  Cistvaens

§  Tumuli or barrows

§  Punden or Punden Berundak: step earth and stone pyramid, similar to tumuli but enforced with stone walls.

§  Cairns or Galgals

§  Cromlech (ed., a Welsh term)

§  Kurgans

§  Nuraghi

§  Talayots

§  Sessi or Stazzone

§  Round Towers

§  Marae (Polynesia)

§  Ahus with Moai and Pukao (Easter Island)

o    

·         Later cultures

o   Many archaeologist and acad3emics are fooled into combining Culture A, B, C, D, and E into one group.

o   Each cultures religious and philosophical bents should be enough to distinguish between them. But often if each of the five cultures used one religious or educational site, then logic and a single number line suggest that they are all from the same culture. Nothing could be farther from the truth.

o   Yes it is true many surviving megalithic structure were used by later cultures as burial mounds.

§  Case in point;

§  The first mount builders build megalithic structures and mounds

§  The second mound builders constructed mounds and incorporated the first mound builders mounds in their ceremonies. The second were a death cult from Mexico aka Azteca. Since death was a central part of their religion and philosophy they filled all the mounds or as many of the mounds as they could with bodies.

·         Kind of a necromantic way of marking or taking over ones territory using the bodies of ancestors instead of urine as the four legged variety do.

·         Time line The Ġgantija phase (3600–3200 B.C.E.E)

o   Mesolithic

§  Excavation of some Megalithic monuments (in Britain, Ireland, Scandinavia, and France) has revealed evidence of ritual activity, sometimes involving architecture, from the Mesolithic, i.e., predating the Neolithic monuments by centuries or millennia. Caveats apply: In some cases, they are so far removed in time from their successors that continuity is unlikely; in other cases, the early dates, or the exact character of activity

·         Neolithic

o    

·         10,000

o   Nevali Cori; on the Euphrates

o   Göbekli Tepe; in turkey

·         9,000

o    

·           8000 B.C.E.: Wooden constructions in England (Stonehenge).

·           5400 B.C.E.: Possible early dates in Ireland (Carrowmore

).

·           5000 B.C.E.: Constructions in Portugal (Évora). Emergence of the Atlantic Neolithic period, the age of agriculture along the western shores of Europe.

·           4800 B.C.E.: Constructions in Brittany (Barnenez) and Poitou (Bougon).

·           4000 B.C.E.: Constructions in Brittany (Carnac), Portugal (Lisbon), France (central and southern), Corsica, England and Wales.

·           3700 B.C.E.: Constructions in Ireland (Knockiveagh and elsewhere).

·           3600 B.C.E.: Constructions in England (Maumbury Rings and Godmanchester), and Malta (Ġgantija and Mnajdra temples).

·           3500 B.C.E.: Constructions in Spain (Málaga and Guadiana), Ireland (south-west), France (Arles and the north), Sardinia, Sicily, Malta (and elsewhere in the Mediterranean), Belgium (north-east) and Germany (central and south-west).

·           3400 B.C.E.: Constructions in Ireland (Newgrange), Netherlands (north-east), Germany (northern and central) Sweden and Denmark.

·           3300 B.C.E.: Constructions in France (Carnac stones)

·           3200 B.C.E.: Constructions in Malta (Ħaġar Qim and Tarxien).

·           3000 B.C.E.: Constructions in France (Saumur, Dordogne, Languedoc, Biscay, and the Mediterranean coast), Spain (Los Millares), Sicily, Belgium (Ardennes), and Orkney, as well as the first henges (circular earthworks) in Britain.

·           2800 B.C.E.: Climax of the megalithic Funnel-beaker culture in Denmark, and the construction of the henge at Stonehenge.

·         Chalcolithic

·           2500 B.C.E.: Constructions in Brittany (Le Menec, Kermario and elsewhere), Italy (Otranto), Sardinia, and Scotland (northeast), plus the climax of the megalithic Bell-beaker culture in Iberia, Germany, and the British Isles (stone circle at Stonehenge). With the bell-beakers, the Neolithic period gave way to the Chalcolithic, the age of copper.

·           2400 B.C.E.: The Bell-beaker culture was dominant in Britain, and hundreds of smaller stone circles were built in the British Isles at this time.

·         Bronze Age

·           2000 B.C.E.: Constructions in Brittany (Er Grah), Italy (Bari), Sardinia (northern), and Scotland (Callanish). The Chalcolithic period gave way to the Bronze Age in western and northern Europe.

·           1800 B.C.E.: Constructions in Italy (Giovinazzo).

·           1500 B.C.E.: Constructions in Portugal (Alter Pedroso and Mourela).

·           1400 B.C.E.: Burial of the Egtved Girl in Denmark, whose body is today one of the most well-preserved examples of its kind.

·           1200 B.C.E.:

o   Although pockets of megalithic construction continued till well into the 800s in northern Europe. The pockets of those that know how were slowly conquered, killed, and phased out of existence.

o   The primary reason although attributed to “invasions from Sea Peoples”, little if anything can be farther from the truth.

§   Invasions of the Sea Peoples is a hypothesis so laughable as to suggest lunacy. Facts to invade on mass from the water takes a level of technical expertise high enough they have only occurred a few times. Just ask how difficult operation overlord was, the Spanish armada, Xerxies attempting to conquer the Aegean, etc. Some of the hardest battles imaginable are attacking from sea to land.

§  Sure it is possible to attack for a very short time, win a few minute or few hour foothold. Holding a foothold on the other hand is almost impossible; unless the number of boats, men, equipment, technology, etc. are sufficiently high to allow for a small number of solders to gain a beach head and push to a foothold.

§  The sea people were not some strange out of the blue enemy. The Sea People were the remaining Cycladic/certain navy out to move the population away from volcanically followed farm land.

§  What is more simply to contemplate.

·         Scenario one; out of no place a large group of people with monstrously large ships suddenly come out of nowhere and start to attack. But they came out of no place and left the same way. Sorry but where were the dry docks to construct a fleet of ships. Where did the population grow up? Where wehre they trained? Scenario 2; they came and went back to the sea. Not being concerned with the ship yards and who would know how to operate a fleet of large ships.

·         Massive training, equipment, and such is required. Where is did those people build their ships.

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